Why is children's behaviour worse than it has ever been, and can we improve it?

Raising children is a joy, except when it’s absolutely maddening. And it may be more frustrating today than it’s ever been is told by most parents in today’s modern India.

Is there an epidemic of misbehaviour? Are kids really worse now than they used to be?

Kids are definitely worse now than they have been. It’s impossible to prove 100 per cent why this is the case, but I think there is very compelling evidence. There’s three factors that really align with the timing of the change in kids. The dramatic decline in play in children today compared with a generation or two ago. Kids are pretty much constantly supervised from the time they are born until they’re maybe 18 when they leave home, so they never learn to manage their own behaviour. The second big factor is media and the growth of so much media that’s bombarding us with information and ideas about who we should be and what we should want.

Forty years ago kids figured out who they should be and what they should want, mostly by thinking about themselves. We’ve seen clinical research that this external focus is associated with anxiety and depression. The third big factor is just the decline in our communities and connection in our families. Maybe a generation ago a child would be in charge of a younger sibling, or they would have had a job of putting dinner on the table, and now their job is to get straight A’s and be a super star.

Why are chores linked to a kid’s happiness?

Household chores are one of the biggest links to happiness because when you do a chore you immediately see how your family benefits, or you benefit or your home is neater, and you get that immediate feedback and positive reinforcement.

Do you think parents are too controlling these days?

We have this impulse to make our kids do things as if that is our job. Actually, our job is to help them figure out how to control themselves. When we are controlling or critical it doesn’t teach our children anything. The more that children have independence, the less they fight with you, because they feel empowered.

Describe what you call the apprenticeship model of parenting?

The first and most important element is connection with the child. Without that connection, nothing can happen – no discipline, or learning or co-operation will happen. The second is communicating with the child about what is going on with what you’re willing to do and what they’re willing to do, and where you can compromise. The third is capability building, and I think that’s the one that parents are not as focused on. The more you and your child both can recognize and acknowledge the growth in their skills – maybe two months ago your kid was always leaving their backpack and having to run back in for it and now they’ve started to remember it – the more you can help your child recognize they are growing. Eventually that little person will become self-sufficient and independent.

Why is harsh verbal discipline is so counterproductive?

The problem is that we as parents are the source of self-regulation for our children. They don’t yet have all of the ability to manage their executive function and to manage their emotions. So we, just by our presence, our physical touch and our own calm physiology, help them to self-regulate. If we’re calm, they will be, too. If we’re yelling, they’ll be agitated and in that fight or flight stage.

But we’re all going to yell at our kids once and a while, aren’t we?

None of us is perfect. When I yell at my kids in the heat of the moment I try as quickly as possible to say, “I’m really sorry, I lost my temper.” And if next time you can catch yourself before you yell and say out loud, “I feel that I am about to yell. I am going to go outside and just go around the block until I cool down,” that’s giving your child another strategy of how to calm down and how to help them manage their strong feelings.

Are we passing down wisdom or knowledge to our children?

They were nothing if they weren't well-educated and sophisticated enough to bring down corporations like Enron, Global Crossing, and WorldCom. However, one can't help but wonder whether there was something fundamentally missing from the education they received. Even today's terrorist is far removed from the cliché of an ignorant peasant who joins an organisation because he or she has nothing else to do and does not take any responsibility for his or her actions. Terrorists who are operating in our shadows are, on the other hand, well-educated and well-educated people from all over the world. As soon as something goes awry, they rely only on their brains to figure out a way to fix it. It's becoming increasingly clear that their schooling was fundamentally flawed.

How do I know what it is? In my opinion, the problem is that most of the time, we teach students to be smart and knowledgeable, but not how to put those skills to good use. Instead of focusing solely on memorization of facts and a cursory degree of analysis, schools should be educating students for wisdom.

If you want to learn wisdom, you need to understand that it isn't just about what you know but how you apply what you know. They are preparing students for the "fourth R," which the Bush administration recently referred to as "responsibility." There are four common misconceptions that smart but dumb and irresponsible people, including some who have or have run significant corporations in our country, demonstrate.

Egocentrism

When people think the world revolves around them, they fall prey to the egocentric fallacy. As the egomaniacs' requirements alter, other individuals are seen as merely tools to be utilised and then discarded. So why do intelligent individuals have such narrow perspectives? People who have traditionally been regarded as intelligent tend to become so focused on themselves that they lose sight of the wants and needs of those around them.

Omniscience

A person must have the ability to discern what he or she knows and doesn't know at any given moment, as well as what can and cannot be known. Because of this, the second fallacy is all too common, even among the brightest among us.

The illusion of omniscience arises when people begin to believe that they are not only experts in the fields in which they have studied, but also that they are well-versed in virtually every subject under the sun. As a result, people are vulnerable to making disastrous decisions on the basis of insufficient information that they are unaware of.

Omnipotence

The erroneous belief that omniscience equates to omnipotence is the root of the omnipotence fallacy. People in positions of authority may begin to believe that they are invincible. Furthermore, they disregard the age-old adage that power corrupts, but only absolute power corrupts completely. Due to the fourth fallacy, people do not consider the possible implications of their acts.

Invulnerability

The myth of invulnerability is based on the erroneous belief that one can do anything one wants if one is all-knowing and all-powerful. And they can get away with anything because they are all-knowing. The likelihood is that they'll be unnoticed. In the event that they are found, however, they believe they will be able to avoid punishment since they are smarter than those who have caught up to them.

Is it possible for clever people to avoid making the same kinds of mistakes that ignorant people do?

Wisdom, according to me, is the ability to use one's intellect and experience to benefit the greater good. A delicate balancing act is required to reach this goal.

internal (to oneself),

relating to one's fellow human beings

Over the medium and long run, extrapersonal (i.e., non-personal, such as institutional) interests

This means that sensible people are concerned not only for themselves, but also for everyone else to whom they owe any sort of duty.

The implication of this viewpoint is that intelligence alone is insufficient. It's critical to have a level of wisdom as well.

Schools should seriously explore including wisdom-related abilities into their curriculum for a number of reasons.

Knowledge alone is not enough for wisdom, and it surely does not ensure happiness, contentment, or a desire to behave in a way that goes beyond one's own benefit. Wisdom appears to be a more effective means of achieving these objectives.

Wisdom also allows us to incorporate thoughtful and deliberative ideals into our crucial decisions. If you want to be wise, you cannot be impetuous, mindless, or immoral.

Third, wisdom is a path to a better, more peaceful world.

Hitler, Stalin, and others may have had some information. For their own self-interest, they may have been excellent critical thinkers. They were foolish.

Finally, students, who will go on to be parents and leaders, are always a part of a broader society. This is why it's important that they learn the art of judging righteously on behalf of their community.

Instability does not exist in a vacuum if the future is marred by war and upheaval. We are the source and repository of it all. It's for all of these reasons that students need to think critically (and even creatively) about the material they're learning as well as think carefully about their studies in general.

Any subject matter can be used to teach wisdom.

As a result, students develop the ability to think critically and to see things from a variety of perspectives, both past and present. For example, a "settler" may be referred to as a "invader" by another group. One group may refer to "Manifest Destiny" as "land theft," while another group may refer to it as "land grab." Peace or at least avoidance of war is largely dependent on students' ability to grasp how other nations and cultures see issues and their solutions differently from our own. However, the ultimate objective should not be acceptance of these other viewpoints or even a compromise, but rather an understanding that solving difficult life situations demands a mutual desire for understanding and the pursuit of solutions that everyone involved can embrace. The results of our own studies show that pupils who are taught to think wisely outperform those in a control group who learn history in a more traditional manner.

The road to wisdom teaching is a bumpy one:

To begin with, it's tough to modify established educational frameworks. Schools don't teach wisdom. In most cases, it isn't even talked about.

As a second point, many people will not see the utility in teaching anything that does not have as its primary aim the increasing of standard exam scores. No matter how you slice it, teaching to the exam is not the fundamental aim of education.

Because knowledge takes time to cultivate, it is not as easily measured as other types of achievement, such as "Which city is the capital of France?"

For those who have earned power and influence in society by a single means—money, high test scores, parental influence, or whatever—are unlikely to want that power or a new criterion developed on which they do not rate as highly. As a result, there is no shortcut to wisdom or wisdom education. There was never, and probably never will be, another time.

Our world may be one that is constantly striving to improve itself and the lives of everyone in it, thanks to wisdom. When it comes to the future of our country, we have a choice. Is there anything in particular that we hope to accomplish through our education? Is it simply a matter of education? No, I don't think that's it. Perhaps it's also a form of wisdom? If we want our pupils to learn wisdom, we need to put them on a very different path. It's important to value not only how they maximise their own achievements, but also how they enhance the achievements of others as well, by using their exceptional qualities.

We must, in a nutshell, regard wisdom as a valuable commodity. Our actions are just as essential as our thoughts when it comes to becoming wise. The influence of a wise India will be far greater than that of a well-informed one.

One foe that both parents and children must contend with: exams

Anxiety is sprouting in many of our children at this time of year, when the weather is cooling down.Soon as summer approaches and the weather starts warming up  again and the flowers are blooming their brightest hues. The "all or nothing" atmosphere of high stakes testing creates swarms of fear and anxiety in the minds of pupils during the summer months.

When we're parents, we may experience how these feelings materialize personally. The question, "Mom, do you think I'll pass?" has been asked so many times. It's hard for my coworker's 10-year-old kid to sleep at night because he's worried about missing just one or two questions on his next high school exam. As a result, students in all grades appear to be under a great deal of stress as a result of the tremendous focus placed on test achievement.

Even though some uneasiness is normal, over-anxiousness and obsessing over the worst-case scenario might actually harm your performance.

Confidence can be disrupted by physical symptoms such as tense shaking, sobbing, and "butterflies" in the stomach. Fear and negative thinking can cause youngsters to "blank out" or second-guess themselves during an exam, even if they have studied and are confident in their answers. Test anxiety can be alleviated by encouraging youngsters and assisting them in focusing on good outcomes.

In the midst of supporting your child through exams, here are some pointers for parents:

How well your teachers are educating you is not what the test is measuring.."

If a child's performance is personalized (good or negative), they are more likely to associate that performance with feelings of self-worth or lack thereof, according to research. A alternative strategy is possible instead of allowing her youngster to personalize his performance. It was a father of a 10-year-old boy who was suffering nightmares and was on the verge of an emotional collapse, despite being a school topper in his grade.

That's why she explained to her son that examinations are meant to measure how successfully a school or school district educates its kids, and the only way to do that is by asking pupils questions to find out what they've learned. She was able to alleviate her son's anxiety by handing over some of the duty to the school. A lesson learned from this experience helped him to realize that standardized tests are not the only way to measure his intelligence.

As a result, "the test is not a reflection of the complete YOU."

Suppose a mom has an anxious 7th-grader and identical twin boys. It was common for people to note on how different each of the twins looked when they were pictured together. Isn't it obvious that they're different? A photograph is a moment in time that captures the twins performing various things at the same time. It is possible that one twin may be smiling while the other is not; one may be tilting his head to the right while the other is gazing at the camera, making them appear different in that particular moment. In other words, it doesn't indicate that they aren't identical.

She utilized the same example to assist ease her older children's exam-related stress. A single snapshot of time is captured by the test, she explains to him. The photo just shows one facet of his brothers, and a single test does not tell the complete story about him. When she spoke to him, she reminded him of his academic achievements. Highlight their non-academic triumphs, such being named Junior Coach and receiving the "Student Of The Week" award, in an effort to help him realize that a single test does not define him as either a student or as an individual.

"The most important thing is to try your best," as the saying goes.

Encourage children by praising their efforts as well as their results. There is a direct correlation between effort and success, according to studies. It is possible for children to recognize that their "smartness" or lack thereof is not a limiting factor in their achievement if they understand that hard work and dedication lead to success. The growth mentality is a term for this type of thinking. When children have a development mentality, they can see that their entire achievement is not limited by one test on one day, but rather by their performance throughout the school year, their hard work, their commitment, and their character.

"Put your ideas in a favorable direction."

Motivation can be increased by cultivating an attitude of gratitude.

When we experience negative emotions, our bodies are wired to shut down all other thoughts and focus only on what's causing the emotion. This makes it difficult for the mind to work optimally. The opposite is true: thinking positively helps people widen their perspectives and focus their attention, both of which lead to increased productivity.

It's important for parents to assist their children cultivate a positive mindset by encouraging them to focus on their accomplishments rather than their failures on tests.

When given an incentive, such as a trip to the mall with the family after the test, youngsters are more likely to focus on the end result than than the process of taking the test.

Having children write down their ideas can also be a terrific method to help them deal with their anxieties. It has been found that writing about test-related anxiety before the test improves performance.

It is understandable that teachers and schools place a great deal of importance on grades. Many more often than I realize, parents instill a sense of urgency by bringing up the upcoming test, saying things like, "We need to make sure that you [my son] are [ready for the boards]" or "You're in 4th grade; we have to take studies seriously. In addition to reflecting the adults in their lives, children often seek to adults for guidance on how to deal with stressful situations. Anxiety in adults can cause anxiosity in children, as well. Alternatively, they can try to remain calm, grounded, and positive.

Parental support can be crucial in helping youngsters cope with test anxiety. You need to be mindful, encouraging and make sure your youngster knows that you support him or her.

An AI (Artificial Intelligent) Doctor's Appointment on January 5, 2050, with Mitron

Rex had just returned from a vacation to the moon a few days earlier. The doctor had already informed his personal assistant "Mitron v" (an AI assistant) that there had been a modest increase in the white blood cell count. Super robot grade 5 and attached to Rex's circulatory system, "Mitron v" was the belt Rex wore around his wrist. It would monitor his blood parameters and assist him in coordinating daily tasks with other AI gadgets, such as his automobile, mobile phone, and so on. Each person had a unique Mitron based on his or her status. This has been tested for the last five years on other humans, and the higher grade is currently being used for significant beings like Rex.

As soon as the blood showed early myeloblast (cells creating White blood cells) with some malignant alterations, Rex was concerned about his future health concerns. Rex was experiencing a lot of stress due to the fact that they were in their infancy and would not have been spotted by any machine or human 30 years ago. After learning about these changes from the doctor last year, he had already quit smoking. It wasn't until his parents made him put on the diagnostic patch that he realised how much work went into making it as intricate and effective as it was. It was downloaded into Mitron (the super robot) and an AI doctor was using it to constantly monitor vital humans. Last year, Amazon Global made it mandatory for all employees to have Mitron and be constantly monitored. Complex data analysis was extremely difficult, therefore the corporation was extremely concerned about the health and well-being of its employees and the success of their progeny. To get a job at one of these firms, you had to be able to read, analyse, and comprehend vast amounts of data generated by billions of customers every second. A select few were chosen by the company, and Rex was one of them because of his expertise in data analysis and his strong CHRM2 gene. In contrast to his friend Sam, who had been a member of a universal income organisation, these were the few people who were still employed.

It was recently determined by the CEOs of fifty large corporations (collectively referred to as the "Digital Rulers") to provide free health insurance to everyone in the world and to place everyone under the constant supervision of Mitron IV. It was up to Rex, though, to decide whether or not he wanted to follow the advise of the AI doctor. Since most human doctors were no longer allowed to deal directly with patients in hospitals around the world, he had little choice but to accept the position. To ensure that everyone receives the best possible care, this choice was made. As a part of a monitoring group, doctors would only be required to work if the AI was having trouble with its analysis of the disease or with its therapy. In contrast to the Human Doctors, who had no employment but could use the majority of the facilities, those who signed up for this programme were ecstatic.

He was reminded of the doctor's appointment time by a beep on Mitron. Mitron had instructed the car to park itself, and it had done it. In order to be on time for his appointment, Rex was escorted to the hospital by an AI nurse in a special wheelchair cum stretcher automobile. "Mitron" informed Rex of the newest blood results as he approached the doctor's cabin. His white cells had returned to normal thanks to "Mitrontreatment. "'s Because of the unexpected weather change, the AI doctor had previously despatched 605.09 mg of Acetaminophen, which was termed CROCIN OR TYLENOL with AI Mailman when the white cell count had risen. The dosages were based on the patient's weight and the efficacy of the medication (dose calculated as per the weight and the chemical and hormonal balance per individual at that time). They were only available from AI Pharmacist and might be prescribed by an AI doctor. To put it another way, because there were no more medical schools online Humans enrolled in virtual classes taught by AI doctors with tests administered by AI doctors, and the majority of them passed. Most people had a hard time getting good marks. The Digital rulers selected the winners.

Rex was greeted by Ted 0.2211 (the Ai Doctor) in the room. When he went to Rex's Condo, he found the information. Rex's pupils dilated slightly and his face swelled by 3.5 percent, indicating that he was nervous. His cortisol levels had also increased by 10% throughout this time period (stress hormone). As evidence from the Condo, he was able to learn that Rex had similar episodes when on vacation when he was thinking about his identical sibling. Rex was told to relax by Ted. He imitated his mother's voice because he knew Rex would settle down when he heard his mother's voice. He listened to his favourite music, composed by him, to help him relax. Rex waited for Ted to arrive so he could discuss the possibility of removing a cancer gene from Ted's DNA. It was the one that the technogenecist wiped off before his brother was born.

An artificial womb was used to inseminate high-ranking individuals following a thorough genetic examination. Since Ted was already aware of Rex's thoughts, he told his AI team to get to work, gather additional data, and come up with a solution. Genes that cause stomach cancer had been passed down through Rex's parents. Even though science had made advances by the time Rex's sibling was born, researchers were able to remove the dormant gene, but they were unable to do so once Rex was born. A gene that had been latent for so long had the potential to cause malignant mutations by the age of 35, and Rex was only 18 years old. It was the CEO's intention for the AI team to make a breakthrough with Rex because he was one of the world's most important persons. A total of 1530 human trials had failed, resulting in the disease flaring up and early deaths. The global organisation allowed a trial on 1 million people, with a casualty rate of up to 10000 people who were on universal pay scale systems, to proceed. Enrolling in the programme meant that a person no longer had to worry about finding a job. The corporation would pay them a set quantity of bitcoins each month in exchange for their data. At a discounted charge, they could travel, eat, and enjoy the rest of the world's delights.

Rex's tiny shifts Blood had a 50% probability of developing cancer during the course of its 60-year existence. When it came to a very significant human being in 2050, this was simply not acceptable. The corporation hoped that he would live longer. There had been a delay in research, but they would still be able to delete the hazardous gene from Rex's DNA at some point. Ted made Rex comprehend this. To be on the safe side, Ted gave him an additional dose of mild chemotherapy based on his weight. Rex was baffled as to why Amazon Global's technogenecist was taking so long compared to those in Shenyang. Perhaps because of the mega-giants' internal competition, he couldn't solve the situation. Shenyang, a Chinese company, had already successfully tested the technology. Shenyang hoped that by joining the company, Rex would be able to avoid the risk.

Rex was afraid that Mitron would find out about the plan, which would be a problem for him. A year or two of deliberation finally convinced him to put the Mitron in because he had no choice but to. In light of Mitron's warning, Rex sighed inwardly and waited for the breakthrough from his AI team. He was discharged from the hospital. Rex's assistant, Mitron, connected him to Amazon's AI CEO, who assured him that he would recover soon.

This may sound like something out of a science fiction film, but it is a very real threat that will come to bear on the human species at some point. Whether or not it's exactly the same, AI is likely to have a significant impact on our lives. The rate at which technology advances is an indication of the human capacity to deal with complicated tasks via machinery. Until recently, the complicated and fascinating field of medicine was only in the hands of a few individuals like myself, but this will soon change.

There is a lack of doctors and nurses in many countries, including industrialised ones like the United Kingdom. Some examples include eye problems, which might be difficult to detect because of a lack of educated doctors. In the future, AI may be able to assist human practitioners in enhancing their abilities. In addition, medical professionals can devote more time to treating patients now that the diagnosis has been made.

Deep Mind, Google's artificial intelligence engine, was recently used to identify eye disorders. A fully-fledged artificially intelligent doctor may be just around the corner, given that AI is being used to diagnose cancer and that AI-driven smartphone apps are already available that can discuss symptoms and triage patients.

Let's look at an example: In June, Babylon Health claimed that its AI chatbot could reliably detect medical issues just like a doctor. The chatbot developed by the company performed better than the industry average on a practise exam designed for doctors.

Babylon's chatbot scored 82% of the questions correctly, compared to the 72% average for human doctors.

There is a finite set of rules and possibilities that govern a game like Go, no matter how complicated it is. By examining these principles, a computer programme is able to analyse all possible conditions and results in an extremely efficient manner. As a result, it will be able to perform these tasks at an unprecedented level of speed and accuracy.

Another type of challenge that computers excel at is discovering patterns in data. These algorithms are able to detect and fit statistical models to big datasets (or evidence) and identify patterns in the data.

These algorithms are able to see patterns in these datasets that a human doctor would not be able to see. This is due to the fact that tiny, regionally distributed, and complex changes in data points frequently go undetected by visual inspection.

It's difficult for the human senses to do this task. It is possible to build algorithms that can outperform human doctors at specific tasks if the tasks are represented by massive data and rules. That's a good start, but...

However, a doctor's intelligence is significantly more complex than simply recognising patterns and rules. When making decisions and assessments, one must use an entirely new set of mental processes.

When making judgments, humans don't just rely on data, rules, and patterns to guide them; they also use pre-formed observations and knowledge gleaned through first principles, reasoning, planning, and creativity.

In spite of their speed and accuracy, these algorithms have no grasp of core medical ideas or the ability to analyse new scenarios. They may be able to develop hypotheses, but they may not have the ability to prioritise and test them in certain advanced AI implementations.

These AI limitations will necessitate the need for a doctor's intelligence and intuition in the years to come. Currently, AI in healthcare is only capable of accomplishing one thing: improving patient outcomes. Don't undermine the capacity for human reason. It's a joint venture.

To reach to this point, there are considerable obstacles to overcome. Data appears to be both a solution and a hindrance. The more data a machine learning system sees, the better it gets. However, concerns about the privacy and biases inherent in this data remain. Algorithms and partnerships perform better when there is a wider range of options available.

Because more trust is expected by customers and healthcare professionals, more data will be made available for research and development.

Clearly, machines will be able to execute monotonous tasks better than doctors. A more cooperative relationship with an AI doctor will be necessary in the future, rather than a defensive or confrontational one.

In the near future, doctors may be expected to define goals for these machine agents, create them by modelling the basic knowledge, formulate a hypothesis, conduct evaluations, and be the final authority in judgments and suggestions made by AI.

To produce the outcomes and suggestions for better diagnostic and treatment strategies, AI will conduct the computationally hard job that it is best at. In comparison to humans, machines are much more efficient at collecting data and making adjustments. Contrary to the unpredictable nature of humans, machines are programmed to adhere to certain norms and patterns.

Human emotions are one of the most important aspects of a doctor's consultation, yet current AI is unable to respond to them. There were some who doubted it and cast aspersions, but it has become an essential and irreplaceable member of our family.

Medicine and diagnosis aren't the only aspects of health care. For the doctor, it's important knowing that your patient will be able to handle chemotherapy and that their family will be able to provide them with the support they'll need during this difficult time. There is currently no software that can replace that.

We may not be able to do this in the near future, but I believe that if doctors and AI engineers work together we will be able to give better and more universal healthcare. It doesn't matter if it reaches that level, doctors will be able to adjust to the new position in the future.

Ref:
1.https://www.technologyreview.com/s/612458/exclusive-chinese-scientists-are-creating-crispr-babies/

2.http://dopasolution.com/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/

How does failure kick you in the butt in order to achieve your goals?

The need to associate only good feelings with our heroes is innate in us.

As a result, our heroes have taken on a life of their own. We don't want our favourite athletes to engage in doping or other unethical behaviour. We don't want our humanitarian or political heroes to be embroiled in sleazy scandals or illegal behaviour.. Our heroes in science should avoid the greatest of all scientific sins: admitting that they were mistaken.

When they fail to match our expectations, we feel justified in criticising them.

We think they're entitled to this humiliation.

Because of their failures, those who backed them in the past have always been questioned by history.

When people establish unrealistically high expectations for themselves, they react by judging themselves harshly for even the slightest accomplishments, such as proving a point in politics or winning an argument. They wind themselves in bitter arguments and ruminating for days about it for no good reason.

Rather than being a solo undertaking, living is an experience shared with millions of other people throughout the world. When you get it wrong, it's not a death sentence, but rather a springboard for more achievement.

The adage "once a failure, always a failure" is simply not true. Some of history's biggest failures were followed by a success that no one could have imagined, even our greatest heroes.

Despite this, we persist in our pursuit of perfection and accuracy as our two closest allies on the road to greatness. Is it true that failure weakens our thinking? Is it possible that by embracing failure, we are making the other person less driven and callous? People who believe that being severe on failure is a good approach to spur growth will be relieved if that response is yes.

Failure is a scientific fact

An MRI study by the University of Southern California and a team of international researchers has found that failure may be turned into a good experience by the brain if it chose to learn from its mistakes. 2.

Researchers have known for years that our brains learn in two different ways.

Avoidance learning is the practise of teaching children to avoid making the same mistakes again by punishing or condemning them when they make mistakes.

The reward-based learning approach is less common, but it works by rewarding the neurons in the brain each time they arrive at the correct response and rewiring their connections in the process.

Redefining mechanisms are activated in instances where there is enough information to assess and analyse the options, rather than defaulting to avoidance.

The finding of a brain region that makes you ponder if you've made a mistake and whether you've been urged to learn, take things in stride, and work on your mistakes was made by Oxford University scientists.

There are a dozen smaller areas in this part of the brain based on scans from 25 men and women. Afterward, the brain scans were compared to those of monkeys.

Incredibly, the brains of the macaque monkey and humans were found to be very different, even though they are our closest cousins. Why we are so good at working with our species and growing to a stage that no other species has even come close to reaching is most likely explained by this fact.

Among the 12 sections of the network, 11 were present in both humans and monkeys, and they were related to other parts of the brain in similar ways.

However, the macaques lacked the lateral frontal pole prefrontal cortex, which is one of our closest relatives.

It's not the first time the brains of humans and monkeys have diverged, but this is the first time a shift this pronounced has been discovered in the region responsible for the ability to change one's mind.

Rather than dwelling on what we could have done differently in other portions of the brain, this new region muses on what we may have done in the first place.

Basically, the lateral frontal pole is like a spouse who is always ready to tell you how easy it would have been to get it right if you'd just listened. To ensure that you don't do it again, the voice of authority advises you to retire to your room and ponder the consequences of your actions...

As a result, failing serves as a catalyst for growth in these areas. There would be no stress if the brain were not distracted by the negative feedback loops, which in turn stimulate our emotional brain (the amygdala). The rumination and disappointment that follow failure are caused by this self-judgement or criticism from others.

There are two equally sized areas in the prefrontal cortex, one of which Antoine Bechara, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Southern California, believes is the source of our fear of failure and our desire for achievement. The argument between risk and reward arises in this context, he explains. These areas interact during the decision-making process in a way that is reminiscent of the devil and the angel sitting on our shoulders. This is a winner-takes-all situation. The conclusion of the debate, therefore, has a significant impact on our reactions. In the event that our previous failures have permanently etched their unfavourable impressions on our brains, there isn't much we can do to reverse the process.

4.    Endorphins, dopamine, and serotonin are released in our brains when we achieve accomplishment, which encourages us to continue the activity.

Failure causes our bodies to release cortisol, which causes us to feel rejected and unsafe.

Repetitive patterns of neural activity and brain regions connected with stress have been found in neuroimaging investigations. Scan results show a decrease in activity in the higher, reflecting brains at times of acute stress. Emotional and behavioural reactions are influenced by increased activity in the lower, reactive brain. Reactive networks in the lower brain get more dense and faster, while prefrontal cortex conscious control centres become less connected to each other.

It's better to rewire your brain to grow acclimated to the sense of success than to expect failure, because concentrating on outcomes can strengthen and autonomous neural networks. It is because of this that we react to failure before we are even aware of it. It's easy to remember how many times you've had that sinking feeling before the results are announced.

It is possible to use failure as a springboard to reevaluate our approach and turn adversity into opportunity.

Basically, there are two types of mindsets: one that pushes for perfection and the other that expects it. In order to achieve perfection, one must be willing to recognise that mistakes are a part of the process.

In contrast, we know that perfection is nearly impossible, thus demanding it might lead to a lot of terrible experiences.

Emotional exhaustion and burnout can occur in those who believe that failure is not an option, or who place an unrealistic standard of perfection on themselves and are emotionally exhausted all the time because nothing they do is good enough.

Checking in on the facts

It's an ancient saying that "failure is a good teacher," yet most of us, deep down, believe that 'errorless learning' is better. Failure is no longer an option in today's fast-paced environment. It is widely accepted that if educators, managers, and parents encourage failure, it will lead to a negative future for the person who fails. Some people end up producing a horrible experience because they think they won't do it again.

Suicides and mental health issues in schools and universities are on the rise. This isn't only a problem in the United States; it's a worldwide phenomena. Burnout at work and the desire to change jobs every day is nothing more than an attempt to live up to one's own unrealistic ideals. Boredom is the most frequent disease of the previous decade, and it is simply the human brain's way of expressing "enough" to itself.

Do you have any ideas?

If you're passionate about what you do, failure will sound like a beautiful melody. It will inspire you to keep going.

Set goals that give you "regular acknowledgment feedback of incremental success." Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that promotes motivation, curiosity, perseverance, and memory when it is released by achieving these goals."

If you genuinely want to succeed, you may re-wire your brain's expectations so that your efforts will generate improvement even as the issue grows more difficult. Now is not the time to put yourself through something you don't want to do, like dieting, climbing stadium stairs, or flossing after every meal because you feel like you should. Select a goal that you will like both on the way and at the end of the journey."

Remember that there is a silver lining to stress. It's a good idea to write down all of the things that are stressing you out when you're feeling overwhelmed. Make a list of the things you can control and the things you can't manage, and then choose one of the things you can control and come up with a tiny, tangible measure you can take to lessen that one thing. Your brain can be nudged in the right direction by doing this.

It'Is a good idea to learn how to give constructive feedback to those around you. Your husband or child will be surprised when you compliment them on their blunders. A cascade effect on your approach to failure will be the result of this change.

CCreating a Growth Machine from Failure

After putting in so much effort, it is difficult to have an optimistic outlook, especially if we fail. Changing one's view of failure is a long-term process. We need to rewire our brains in order to break the automation that has been built up in our minds. It's better to look at a broken relationship or a lacklustre performance as a chance to learn rather than dwell on the repercussions.

Learning and dealing with failure should be integrated into the education system, so that we are prepared and learn how to trigger the gamma waves in our brains from an early age. We can become more resilient and successful if we learn to respond rather than react to failure.

Next time we encounter failure, let's remember that "Leaders who have developed a development storey have befriended their worst fear, "Failure," and made them their escorts to drive their success waggon. "

Addiction Science

Alcohol, cigarettes, and illegal narcotics are usually related with addiction. A variety of factors contribute to drug usage, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (see list below).

Having a good time: a feeling of euphoria

To feel better: to reduce tension

To be more effective, up one's game.

Curiosity

Pressure from other students

Addiction isn't limited to drugs; it also encompasses a wide range of behaviours. An example of an addicted activity is playing video games all day. With more and more studies proving that video game addiction alters brain neurochemistry in the same way as drug usage, it is no longer assumed that a person addicted to games lacks willpower.

There is an area of the limbic system in the brain that is responsible for addictive behaviours. This "feel good" neurotransmitter is released into the brain when it is active.

When compared to healthy activities like eating, drinking, reading, and listening to music, addictive substances or behaviours can release up to ten times as much dopamine, resulting in the "high" that is associated with their usage.

Repetition of the use of addictive medications activates the brain's "reward system," resulting in dependency.

Dopamine surges in the reward circuit promote pleasurable but unhealthy behaviours, encouraging people to repeat the activity again and time again. When a person becomes tolerant to a substance, their brain becomes less responsive to the dopamine rush they had when they first started using it. This is what is known as tolerance. In order to get the same "dopamine high," they may take more of the substance (National Institute on Drug Abuse).

In addition to dopamine, new research suggests that serotonin may play a role in the emergence of addiction. The neurotransmitter serotonin is responsible for making us feel happy and pleased. Addiction to drugs can be exacerbated by low serotonin levels.

Victoria University of Wellington researchers found that serotonin levels during the first time a person takes drugs can influence their likelihood of becoming addicted. The less likely someone is to become addicted, the higher their serotonin levels are. According to the findings, "the anti-addiction impact of serotonin is lowered when drug use climbs and becomes common." Dopamine appears to be a significant predictor of drug addiction throughout this phase of the brain's development.

Dopamine-altering medications have an impact on a person's motivation, motor skills, pleasure perception, and memory of significant life events. A person's ability to learn, remember, sleep, and feel emotions are all affected by medicines that influence serotonin.

An average day for a game addict can range from 10 to 14 hours of gameplay. It's safe to say that many of these individuals suffer from underlying social and psychological issues. If they're feeling down or inhibited, they're looking for a boost of confidence.

In some people, addiction worsens or triggers a mental illness such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessional compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety, and depression. Addiction is more likely to strike such people.

A new "Internet Gaming Disorder" has been added to the International Classification of Diseases by the World Health Organization (WHO) (ICD-11). A "habit of persistent or recurrent gaming behaviour" that "takes precedence over other life activities" was described as the root of the problem.

#Metoo-psychological Women's victory over their greatest fears!

When men in high places lose their jobs due to courageous women coming forward to share their horrible experiences in public, it's easy to forget how serious the problem of sexual assault has become in today's society. Such charges or behaviours are often dismissed by many men (and even some women) as "boys will be boys."

Sexual Assault: What Is It?

The crime of sexual assault is one of the most serious and devasting types of violent crime. As time passes, the sufferer is left with a lasting traumatic scar that no amount of time can repair or erase. It's time to quit making excuses for these dishonourable (mostly male) criminals in our culture and society..

Sexual assault (and its twin, sexual abuse) is not about the abuser performing a sex act on the victim.

As a matter of fact, it's all about who has more power: the abuser or victim. In most cases, the perpetrators of these crimes are men who abuse women, and most victims are aware of their abuser. However, sexual assault is commonly defined as short-term or rare, but for the victim, these distinctions are irrelevant.

Sadly, we are seeing an increasing number of incidences of sexual assault in India.

Every fifth woman has been raped at some time in her life, according to a recent survey (and one in 71 men). That figure climbs to one in four women on college campuses (and one in seven men). Over 90% of the time, it is done by a romantic partner or a friend of the person. Women account for 91 percent of rape and sexual assault and rape victims, while men account for nine percent.

Sexual assault is on the rise.

Sex abuse can come in various forms but all of them have one thing in common: unwanted sexual activity is a part of it. The victim may be forced to watch the perpetrator engage in a sexual action on their own, or inappropriately reveal their genitals, as part of that activity. There is no shame in utilising threats, violence, or taking advantage of a victim's position to acquire what they want from sexual abusers (such as an employee).

Those who commit acts of sexual assault enjoy taking advantage of the victim's inability to defend themselves. Alcohol or drugs can be used as a means of intoxicating victims in order to ensure that they are compliant. The victim is more likely to blame themselves or themselves for taking the drugs or alcohol, which reduces the likelihood of the victim reporting the crime to the authorities (although the administration of drugs is often non-consensual).

It is common for powerful, prominent men who participate in sexual assault to assume that they are entitled to both verbally harass and sexually abuse anyone at any time. They feel that their position of power—whether it comes from riches, family background, professional role, politics, or corporate leadership—doesn't apply to regular cultural and societal norms. For these males, "I'm owed this, and you can't do anything about it—who would believe you over me?" is a recurring theme.

Why Do Some Men Abuse Women Sexually?

There are a plethora of rationales and justifications offered by those who commit these atrocities. Victims justify their acts by claiming that the other person was causing them to engage in molestation, according to Jaydip Sarkar of Singapore's Institute of Mental Health. There were five ideas used to justify their prior actions, which Sarkar refers to as "cognitive distortion," by the offenders.

They believe that women are inherently different from me and therefore cannot be comprehended. Because of this, encounters with women will be confrontational and women will be deceitful about what they actually want. An example of a Cognitive Distortion may be "...she is dressed in tight pants and her cleavage is apparent. It's clear that she wants sex, and she'll let it if I have it with her, even if she tells me "no." Sarkar (2013, p. 3)

When it comes to men's sexual desires, women are continually available, but they may not be aware of it all of the time. If a woman is physically harmed during sexual activity, it is impossible for her to be harmed by sexual activity, which means she cannot be hurt by it. I can think of an example of this: "...when she looks furtively at me when I make filthy jokes, she is truly interested in me.... As a result, when she replies "no," she's just playing a joke on me to get me even more excited. Sarkar (2013, p. 3)

When a man is excited, he can't help but proceed to orgasm, and he can't control it. This cognitive distortion may present itself in the statement: "... I would become weak if my "dhat" (semen) runs out" (premature ejaculation while molestation or sexual harassment of a woman) in India, where the syndrome of "male sexual weakness" or dhat syndrome is common. Sarkar (2013, p. 3)

Women have a responsibility to meet the sexual wants of men, and they should do so at the drop of a hat. Such Cognitive Distortions of male entitlement, especially if the victim is lower status for any reason (socioeconomic, caste, etc.) can lead to marital rape in a society like India with severe gender-based inequities (recommended to be considered a crime in the Verma Commission report). Sarkar (2013, p. 3)

A dangerous world: People need to be on guard, but there is no safe haven in this hostile and menacing environment. Some examples are: I have been wronged in many ways, and so it is not evil for me to do harm to others." Sarkar (2013, p. 3)

Trauma inflicted can last a lifetime, and it is never-ending.

Victims of criminal sexual assault often have to suffer with the effects of the trauma for the rest of their lives. As a result of the assault, 81% of women (and 35% of men) will experience PTSD, anxiety, or a major depressive disorder.

For those who have been sexually assaulted, suicidal thoughts and attempts appear to be significantly elevated; in comparison to other disorders, sexual assault was related with the highest risk for suicidality" (Dworkin et al., 2017). OCD and bipolar disorder have also been linked to sexual assault victims, according to a comprehensive review of the literature on sexual assault.

It is rare for perpetrators to think about, much less care about, how their actions affect their victims. It's virtually always in the context of feeling the victim is solely to fault for getting oneself into a scenario with the perpetrator, which is how most people interpret it.

Victims of sexual assault are typically helped by psychotherapy sessions.

Because so many sexual assault victims blame themselves (and society too often does), the healing process can take a long time. A victim's cognitive distortions are typical, yet no one would ever want this to happen to their best friend, much less themselves. When it comes to healing from sexual assault, time is an important factor, but in most cases, time alone isn't enough for most people.

Is there a reason why so many victims of sexual assault don't go to the police?

By going over the incident with law enforcement authorities multiple times, victims often feel like they have been victimised again. When it comes to dealing with sexual assault reports in a caring and sensitive manner, not all of these people have the required training.

When a victim is questioned by law enforcement, they are almost always asked questions such, "What were you wearing at the time of the assault?" and, "Have you had anything to drink?"

What Is Society's Role in Sexual Assault Perpetrator?

People should not ask victims of sexual assault, "What were you wearing?" as a way of re-victimizing them. Inquiringly, "Did you overindulge?" How did you handle it? Because of this crime, it is important to teach criminals that people's limits and rights must always be respected at all times. "Are you sure he was aware of this?"

Sexual action is not consent if the participant does not provide their permission.

Violent acts are not acceptable just because a person is in a position of authority over another person. "Oh, that's just locker-room banter," or "They were only 18, what do they know?" are common explanations for poor behaviour by offenders. Instead, society and family members should emphasise the importance of dignity, respect, and morality, rather than making excuses for bad behaviour by perpetrators. Women aren't here to be oppressed or exploited in any way.

Helping Others & Getting Help

It is imperative that you get help if you are a sexual assault perpetrator right away. For the people you've hurt, your dysfunctional behaviour is likely to have caused them lasting harm that they will never be able to recover from. Therapists that specialise in working with sexual assault perpetrators can be found across the country. Proactively contacting someone today is a sign of strength.

If someone tells you that they've been the victim of a sexual assault, please listen to them without making assumptions about their situation. Offer unreserved emotional support and be a good listener. Then, if necessary, offer to assist them in obtaining the resources they need to get back on their feet. If they don't want to talk about the assault, then don't bring it up. Be supportive, but don't nag or indicate there is only one "correct" way to respond to the assault.

If you've been a victim, don't forget that assistance is available. Remember that sexual assault is not your fault if you have been a victim. Even if your own family or certain people in your life don't believe you, professionals and friends will.

Please, don't wait any longer to seek assistance.

References

1.     Dworkin, ER, Menon, SV, Bystrynski, J, Allen, NE. (2017). Sexual assault victimization and psychopathology: A review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 56, 65-81.

2.     Davis, KC, Neilson, EC, Wegner, R, Danube, CL. (2018). The intersection of men’s sexual violence perpetration and sexual risk behavior: A literature review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 40, 83-90.

3.     https://www.theodysseyonline.com/psychology-behind-sexual-assult

4.      Malamuth, N. M., & Brown, L. M. (1994). Sexually aggressive men's perceptions of women's communications: Testing three explanations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(4), 699-712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.4.699

5.      Sarkar, J. (2013). Mental health assessment of rape offenders. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 55(3), 235–243. http://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.117137