SEASONAL DEPRESSION IN TEENS

Seasonal depression, also known as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), is a type of depression that occurs at a specific time of the year, usually during the fall and winter months when daylight hours are shorter. It is not uncommon for teenagers to experience seasonal depression, and it can have a significant impact on their emotional well-being and daily functioning.

Symptoms of Seasonal Depression in Teens:

Teens with seasonal depression may experience feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a general lack of interest in activities they once enjoyed. They may feel constantly tired and have difficulty maintaining their usual level of energy and motivation.  Seasonal depression can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to either excessive sleep or difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep.  Some teens may experience changes in appetite, leading to weight gain or loss. Teens with seasonal depression may become more irritable, sensitive, and withdrawn from their friends and family. They may have trouble concentrating on schoolwork or other tasks, which can negatively impact their academic performance.

Causes of Seasonal Depression in Teens:

The exact cause of seasonal depression is not fully understood, but several factors may contribute to its development:

The primary trigger for seasonal depression is believed to be the reduced amount of sunlight during fall and winter. Sunlight plays a role in regulating the body's internal clock (circadian rhythms) and the production of neurotransmitters like serotonin, which affects mood.  Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to seasonal depression or other mood disorders, making them more susceptible to its onset. Changes in melatonin and serotonin levels due to altered sunlight exposure can influence mood and sleep patterns. The stress associated with school, academic performance, and extracurricular activities during the fall and winter months can contribute to the development or exacerbation of seasonal depression.

Treatment and Coping Strategies:

Seasonal depression in teens can be effectively managed with the following strategies:: Light therapy, or phototherapy, involves exposure to a bright light that mimics natural sunlight. This treatment can help regulate mood and sleep patterns. CBT can be beneficial in helping teenagers identify and challenge negative thought patterns and develop coping mechanisms to manage seasonal depression. In severe cases, a doctor may prescribe antidepressant medication to alleviate symptoms. This should be done under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. Engaging in physical activity can improve mood, increase energy levels, and reduce symptoms of depression. Encouraging consistent sleep patterns, a balanced diet, and regular social interactions can help teens manage seasonal depression. Encourage open communication with parents, teachers, or counsellors to provide support and understanding during difficult times.

By Vidita Kothari